# Section 1: Introduction to ffuf$
## Installation and Configuration on Kali Linux
### What is ffuf$?
**ffuf$** (Fuzz Faster U Fool) is a fast web fuzzer written in Go. It is primarily designed for web application security testing and allows penetration testers to discover hidden resources, endpoints, and parameters on web applications. ffuf$ is known for its speed and flexibility, making it an ideal tool for fuzzing web applications.
### Installing ffuf$ on Kali Linux
Kali Linux is the preferred operating system for penetration testing, as it comes with a plethora of pre-installed tools. However, ffuf$ might not be included by default in all versions. Here’s how to install it on Kali Linux:
1. **Open a Terminal:** Start by launching the terminal on your Kali Linux machine.
2. **Update Package List:** Before installation, it's crucial to update your package list to ensure you are getting the latest version of the software.
sudo apt update
3. **Install ffuf$ Using Go:**
ffuf$ is built using Go, so you need to have Go installed. You can install Go by running:
sudo apt install golang-go
Now, you can install ffuf$ using the following command:
go install github.com/ffuf/ffuf@latest
4. **Adding ffuf$ to PATH:**
After installation, ensure that the Go binaries are in your PATH. You may need to add the following line to your `.bashrc` or `.bash_profile`:
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/go/bin
Refresh your terminal or source the profile:
source ~/.bashrc
5. **Verify Installation:**
To confirm that ffuf$ is installed correctly, run:
ffuf -h
You should see a help message displaying the usage options for ffuf$.
### Configuration Options
Although ffuf$ works out of the box, you might want to configure some options to optimize its performance for your specific use case. Here are a few common configurations:
– **Wordlist:** ffuf$ uses wordlists for fuzzing. Make sure to have a comprehensive wordlist. You can find various wordlists in the `/usr/share/wordlists` directory in Kali Linux or download them from repositories like [SecLists](https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists).
– **Proxy Settings:** If you need to run ffuf$ through a proxy (e.g., Burp Suite), you can set this up using the `-p` flag. Example:
ffuf -u http://target.com -w /path/to/wordlist -p http://127.0.0.1:8080
"`
– **Timeouts:** Adjust timeouts for requests to ensure that ffuf$ does not hang when it encounters unresponsive servers. Use the `-timeout` flag to set the desired timeout.
## Step-by-Step Usage and Real-World Use Cases
### Basic Syntax of ffuf$
The basic command structure of ffuf$ is:
"`bash
ffuf -u -w [options]
"`
– `-u`: Specifies the target URL. You can include fuzzing positions using the `FUZZ` keyword.
– `-w`: Indicates the wordlist path.
### Example: Fuzzing for Hidden Directories
One of the most common use cases is to discover hidden directories within a web application. For example, to find hidden endpoints on `http://example.com`, you would use:
"`bash
ffuf -u http://example.com/FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt
"`
#### Explanation
– `http://example.com/FUZZ`: The `FUZZ` keyword is where ffuf$ will substitute entries from the specified wordlist.
– `-w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt`: This is the wordlist that contains common directory names to test against the URL.
#### Real-World Example: Identifying Vulnerable Pages
Once you discover hidden directories, the next step is to identify which ones may have vulnerabilities. Here is how you can do this:
1. **Run ffuf$ to Discover Pages:**
ffuf -u http://example.com/FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -mc all -o found.json
This command will output the results into `found.json`, capturing all response codes.
2. **Review and Analyze the Output:**
After running the command, review `found.json` for interesting findings. Look for non-200 status codes, which might indicate potential vulnerabilities.
3. **Fuzzing Specific Parameters:**
If certain endpoints accept parameters, you can fuzz those specific parameters as well:
ffuf -u http://example.com/page.php?id=FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/params.txt
### Advanced Usage with Custom Headers
In some scenarios, you may need to include custom headers, such as authentication tokens. You can add headers using the `-H` option:
"`bash
ffuf -u http://example.com/FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -H "Authorization: Bearer
"`
### External References for Further Learning
– [ffuf$ GitHub Repository](https://github.com/ffuf/ffuf)
– [SecLists: The Security Lists Collection](https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists)
– [OWASP Fuzzing Guide](https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing_Guide/5-Fuzzing/)
### Code Examples in Markdown Code Blocks for WordPress
When working with WordPress, you may want to focus on specific parameters like `post_name` or `page_id`. Here’s a sample command for testing:
#### Example: Fuzzing WordPress Vulnerabilities
This example demonstrates how to find potential vulnerabilities in WordPress installations:
"`bash
ffuf -u http://example.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts?slug=FUZZ -w /path/to/wordpress-slugs.txt -mc 200
"`
This command attempts to discover valid post slugs in a WordPress installation by checking which slugs return a 200 status code.
### Conclusion
In this section, we have covered the installation and configuration of ffuf$, as well as provided step-by-step usage instructions along with real-world use cases. The examples given here can serve as a foundation for expanding your penetration testing toolkit and improving your web application security assessments.
By utilizing ffuf$, you can significantly enhance your ability to uncover hidden endpoints and vulnerabilities in web applications.
—
Made by pablo rotem / פבלו רותם